KIDNEY FUNCTIONS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REABSORBES VITAL SUBSTANCES THEREBY BALANCES BODY FLUIDS AND CHEMICALS

Excretion is the process of removing wastes produced by the life processes of the cell and excretion also helps maintain constant body temperature. Make sure to apply the term excretion to the elimination of wastes produced by cellular activity. It is not removal of undigested material! The organs involved are the lungs, kidneys, liver, and skin. The systems involved are the circulatory, nervous, and endocrine. Together, organs and systems maintain the body's homeostasis.

The most important waste products are CO2, nitrogen compounds, and salts.

CO2 - produced during cellular respiration (in addition to water)

Nitrogen compounds - (ammonia, urea, and uric acid) produced by the breakdown of amino acids

Salts - produced by metabolism.

 
EXCRETION IN PROTISTS-

Excretion occurs via diffusion out of the cellular membrane. The protist's waste products include CO2, water, salt and ammonia (a nitrogen compound). Ammonia is the chief waste product of all microorganisms. Water, is ejected from the contractile vacuole along with water that entered the cell via osmosis.

 
EXCRETION IN HYDRA -

Because each cell is in contact with the surrounding water, excretion occurs through diffusion out of the cellular membrane. The hydra's waste products are water, CO2, salt, and ammonia.